What is identified as the leading cause of dandruff?

The leading cause of dandruff is identified as a fungus, specifically Malassezia, a type of yeast that is naturally present on the scalp. In certain individuals, this fungus can proliferate and lead to an increased turnover of skin cells on the scalp. This rapid cell turnover can result in the formation of flaky skin, which is recognized as dandruff. The presence of oil on the scalp provides an ideal environment for this fungus to thrive, often exacerbating the condition.

While dry scalp, hair products, and environmental factors can contribute to scalp issues, they are not the primary cause of dandruff. For instance, a dry scalp may lead to flaking, but it does not involve the overgrowth of fungi. Hair products can sometimes irritate the scalp and lead to sensitivity or allergic reactions, which might mimic dandruff but are not caused by the fungus itself. Environmental factors can also influence scalp conditions but do not directly lead to the excessive skin cell turnover characteristic of dandruff, making fungus the primary culprit in this case. Understanding the role of the fungus in contributing to dandruff is essential for effective treatment and management of the condition.